About the book: 2018 / The publication publishes the texts of essays, lectures, speeches by an outstanding Ukrainian historian and archaeologist, academician of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine , foreign member of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Honorary Doctor of St. Petersburg State Unitary Enterprise P. P. Tolochko. The author of such acutely political books as “Ukraine in the Orange Interior”, “Ukraine in the Fire of European Integration”, “The Lost”, reflects on the most pressing problems of Ukrainian life of the sovereign period. This study is devoted to the relationship between Ukraine and Russia, which unexpectedly became acutely confrontational. The main reason for this is the policy of the nationalist elite of Ukraine, which has taken a course towards integrating the country into the European community and NATO and proclaiming it a new civilizational choice. Two so-called revolutions - “orange” (2004) and “dignity” (2013-2014) - in fact, not only led to a confrontation between Ukraine and Russia, but also aggravated relations within Ukrainian society, launched a mechanism of state and territorial collapse. Book of the series “Honorary Doctors of the University”, journalistic in form and historical and research in content, is addressed to scientists, teachers, students, as well as everyone who is not indifferent to the relationship between two related peoples - Ukrainian and Russian, who have a common biological and cultural root.