About the book: 2021 / Betrayal is scary because it is impossible to protect yourself from it: it comes from those closest to you people we love and trust. It is not for nothing that Dante in The Divine Comedy placed traitors in the most terrible circle of hell... Betrayal as a historical phenomenon has an incredible range of forms and shades. What is considered betrayal, can it be justified or understood? Betrayal in war and in peaceful life are two different things. In war, betrayal is “calculated” unambiguously - it is treason, complicity and going over to the side of the enemy. In peacetime, can it be considered treason to oppose the ruler of a state who has become a tyrant? There are no clear answers in this book; rather, it is an invitation to broad public discussion. We will talk about real and imaginary betrayals, about the facets, forms and types of this phenomenon: high treason, aiding the enemy, refusal of a given word and oath, flight to another country, betrayal of military secrets... We will also talk about those who were branded for treason , accused of treason, but did not commit it. History is a kind of textbook on morality and morality. History is important because today we know the results of certain actions and understand what they led to. The ideas about decency, duty, morality, honor, loyalty and treason that guide us today have been in effect for a long time, and what is considered treason today was considered treason and betrayal many centuries ago. Publishing design preserved in PDF A4 format.