About the book: 2004 / The book discusses various aspects of the organization of the Moscow Streltsy service, including the activities of the Streletsky Prikaz - one of the central government institutions of Russia in the 16th–17th centuries . For the first time, information is provided from the history of 26 rifle regiments that were part of the capital's garrison in the second half of the 17th century. The main text is accompanied by extensive reference material, as well as previously unpublished archival documents. By the end of the 17th century, the total population of Moscow was about 200 thousand people, of whom more than 20 thousand served in the Moscow Streltsy regiments, including their family members, retired Streltsy , Streltsy widows and orphans, this figure can be safely increased by 2-3 times. Thus, the Streltsy population of the capital accounted for at least a quarter of the total number of citizens. Such a significant representation of Streltsy among the inhabitants of Moscow in the 17th century, their special role in the history of the Russian state could not but arouse interest among educated people and scientists of modern times. At the same time, the work to create the history of the Moscow archers, as a separate unit of the royal army of the 16th–17th centuries, was never completed. The book presented to the reader is an attempt to take the first step in this direction. Particular attention was paid to the history of individual Moscow streltsy regiments of the 17th century. The lack of any information on this topic to this day is the main reason for various fabrications and factual errors that have become widespread in both popular and scientific literature.