About the book: 2009 / Monograph by Doctor of Historical Sciences N.S. Simonov - the first study in Russian historiography, in which it is comprehensively, based on a variety of sources, analyzed objectively -the historical process of formation and development of the Russian banking system in the broad sense of this concept, that is, as a set of banks, banking infrastructure, banking legislation and the banking market. The monograph shows the main trends and patterns of the creation of a market-type banking system in Russia (then the USSR), its influence on changes in property relations and the social system, and in general on the policy of economic reforms in the “dashing” 90s. The monograph reflects the key moments of the market transformation of the Russian economy, the formation and implementation of economic and monetary policies of the Government and the Central Bank in the context of the dramatic events in the history of Russia at the turn of the 20th–21st centuries. The book is intended for a wide range of readers, specialists, direct participants and analysts of the financial sector of the Russian economy, and can also be used in the educational process.