About the book: 2009 / Popular scientific work by Oleksa Gaivoronsky, historian, deputy director for scientific work of the Bakhchisarai Historical Institute -cultural reserve, reveals in its second volume the historical figures of the rulers of the Crimean Khanate of 1608–1641. Against the backdrop of their attempts to reduce their country's dependence on the Ottoman Empire and overcome the internal crisis caused by the rivalry of noble families. A special place in the book is occupied by the description of the first military-political alliances of the Crimean Khanate with the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth and the Ukrainian Cossacks.