About the book: 1984 / The book by Corresponding Member of the USSR Academy of Sciences, Doctor of Medical Sciences P. V. Simonov and Candidate of Art History P. M. Ershov is dedicated to a popular presentation natural scientific foundations of individual human characteristics in the light of the teachings of I. P. Pavlov on higher nervous activity and the achievements of modern psychophysiology. In a number of chapters, the creative heritage of K. S. Stanislavsky is used, concerning the recreation of the characters of the characters and the principles of acting transformation into the individuality of the portrayed character. The book is of interest to the widest range of readers - physiologists, psychologists, teachers, artists, for everyone who, in their practical activities are related to issues of education, selection, professional guidance of people.